aquatic plants adaptations

A.A.Balkema. The flowers appear in early summer in a mass of yellow pompons. Planted A. karroo tree: Sweet thorn planted in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe after 12 years (6 m high; d.b.h. Pretoria. Protective, long, white spines on a young Sweet Thorn (Vachellia karroo), growing near a permanent stream near Colesberg in … In cold and dry areas the tree will be deciduous. (This unfortunately gives the leather an unpleasant odour). Sappi Tree Spotting, Highveld and the Drakensberg. A well-known thorn tree of the veld, this fast growing, drought resistant tree has rather sparse foliage in a rounded crown. Palgrave (2002) lists five new species. It establishes quite quickly in a stripped area and offers a micro-climate for … It is integrally part of Africa's history having been used for everything from raft-making to sewing needles and fencing for the houses of the royal Zulu women. A strong rope can be made from the inner bark which is pliable enough for rope-making when it is wet. And Acacia natalitia (pale barked sweet thorn) with 6-12 p/p and a greyish white bark, with a wider distributuion, replacing Acacia karroo east of the Great Escarpement area in the summer rainfall region. With a rounded crown that is often wider than it is tall. Birds also like to make nests in thorn trees as the thorns offer them some protection from predators. TREE OF THE DAY : Vachellia karroo . Umbrella Thorn. Plant Type: Tree. Vachellia karroo, the Sweet Thorn, is, in cultivation, a medium to large single stemmed, deciduous tree. Caterpillars of 10 species of butterflies are dependant on the tree for survival. [3] Sweet thorn Medicinal uses are wound poultices to eye treatments and cold remedies. Making the most of Indigenous Trees. Vachellia karroo, Acacia karroo Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Mimosoideae Sweet Thorn Origin: South Africa. The sweet thorn gets its common name from the gum which is exuded from wounds in the bark. Can harvest the gum (sap) for eating purposes. Cape Town. Read fascinating facts and browse beautiful, detailed photos of the sweet thorn (Acacia karroo): one of thousands of plant species growing at the Eden Project in Cornwall. Sweet thorns are highly ornamental plants that can be grown as a multi-stemmed shrub or pruned to a single-stemmed tree. https://worldoffloweringplants.com/vachellia-karroo-sweet-thorn Pooley, E. 1993. Karoo Mimosa . Acacia karroo has a rounded crown, branching fairly low down on the trunk and can reach a maximum height of 12 m where water is plentiful. Golden yellow, spherical Inflorescences are at branch ends. An icon of the South African veld, Vachellia karroo is a popular choice among local gardeners as a pavement tree or as a shade tree in larger gardens. It has a variable shape and size, reaching a maximum of about 12m. While it lives, Acacia karroo is an all-in-one supermarket for browsers and grazers. Tree has a spreading, rounded crown up to 20m high. Used for chemical products, forage, domestic uses, environmental management, medicinal purposes, fibre, food, drink, and wood. Acacia karroo, Vachellia karroo.. Vachellia karroo ( Acacia karroo ) Sweet Thorn. These include, the club-tailed charaxes (Charaxes zoolina zoolina) and the topaz-spotted blue (Azanus jesous). In some other thorny acacia species, the thorns are not stipular in origin and are called "prickles". General Size: Briza. If an area is overgrazed the sweet thorn becomes invasive. Cape Town. There is no danger of hydrocyanic poisoning which is a self-protection mechanism used by many trees. The name Acacia is derived from Greek "akis" a point or barb. Sweet thorn (Vachellia karroo), the most common of these, detrimentally affects the quality of grazing in the province, writes independent agricultural consultant Dr Louis du Pisani. The pods split open allowing the seeds to fall to the ground. The crescent-shaped seed pods are flat and sometimes with constrictions between the seeds. The pods split open allowing the seeds to fall to the ground. The bark is red on young branches, darkening and becoming rough with age. Known as the most common thorn tree of the veld this fast growing, drought resistant Acacia has rather sparse foliage, with dark green leaves. It is integrally part of our country's history having been used for everything from raft-making to sewing needles and fencing for the houses of the royal Zulu women. SA Tree No: 172. Vachellia karroo, o r more famously Acacia karroo (sweet thorn), is one of Melozhori Private Game Reserve’s most common species of tree that serve as food for browsers. Sweet thorn is very frost hardy and moderately drought tolerant. Barnes, R D et al : 1996 Acacia karroo. Acacia natalitiaE. Creative Gardening with Indigenous Plants: A South African Guide. You will see if this has been effective as the seed will swell up. Vachellia karroo has a rounded crown. Medicinal properties, bark used to tan leather red, firewood, gum eaten by bush babies, seeds are a coffee substitute. The bipinnate, drooping Leaves have spinescent stipules. It is a deciduous thorn tree which grows at an average rate. Gwaze Bark: A. karroo bark: longitudinally fissured, can be either reddish brown to dark brown/black and rough, or pale greyish-white to greyish-brown and smooth. In their native South Africa, Acacia karoo trees are beneficial wildlife trees. Sweet thorn (Acacia karroo Hayne or Vachellia karroo (Hayne) Banfi & Galasso) is a very variable and very thorny tree species that is widespread in Africa and grows to a height of 5-12 m.It is a multipurpose tree providing food, feed, commercial products, and environmental services. In 2008, A. karroo was renamed ‘Vachellia karroo (Hayne) Banfi and Galasso’ following a review of the Acacia genus by the International Botanical Congress (Carruthers and Robin 2010). Cover lightly with sand and do not allow to dry out. Pretoria. 50.1 MB (50.0 MB compressed) 5130 x 3413 pixels. Karroo thorn . It belongs to the family Fabaceae, which is the third largest woody plant family in southern Africa. Cape Thorn-Tree. Acacia horrida sensu auct. Please contact your Account Manager if you have any … Acacia karroo (recently renamed as Vachellia karroo) is 'n pioneer species. Karroo thorn is a prohibited invasive plant under the Biosecurity Act 2014.; It must not be given away, sold, or released into the environment without a permit. Semi-deciduous Full sun Frost tolerant Low water requirements Medium water requirements Fast grower Fragrant flowers Acacia inconflagrabilis Gerstner Acacia karoo Hayne, ortho. Thorns on African  vachellias and sengalias are important for identification, they are divided into 5 main groups according the size, shape and position of the thorns. Thomas, V and Grant, R. 1998. The bark is red while young and will with time become rough and a deep reddish colour. Mimosaceae (Thorn-tree family) Sweet Thorn (E) Soetdoring (A) Mookana (NS) Mooka (Tsw) umuNga (Z) Native to Southern Africa Tree Tree no. The gum is edible. Acacia karroo, Vachellia karroo.. Sweet thorn (Vachellia karroo) C020/7401. However, for best performance, water well and deeply (shallow, frequent sprinklings only encourage shallow root growth) until established. Vachellia karroo is commonly known by the name Sweet Thorn.Sweet thorns are highly ornamental plants that can be grown as a multi-stemmed shrub or pruned to a single-stemmed tree.Acacia karroo has a rounded crown, branching fairly low down on the trunk and can reach a maximum height of 12 m where water is plentiful.The bark is red on young branches, darkening and becoming rough with age. The heartwood is heavy and hard but susceptible to attack from borer. 1990. The bipinnate, drooping Leaves have spinescent stipules. It is a particularly good fodder tree, stock and game feed on the leaves, flowers and pods. It is a particularly good fodder tree, stock and game feed on the leaves, flowers and pods. Soetdoring (A) Suurdoring (A) Karoodoring (A) Mookana (N.S) Umunga (Z) mooka (T) Description. Vachellia karroo, the Sweet Thorn, is, in cultivation, a medium to large single stemmed, deciduous tree. The paired thorns are greyish to white, long and straight. Oxford. Palmer, E and Pitman, N. 1972. Technically the thorns are called "spines" and are developed from modified stipules (small, leaf-like scales, seen at the base of the leaf-stalk). These trees can grow up to 12 meters and is recognizable by its rounded crown, yellow flowers, finely textured leaves and twin thorns. A new aspect in the species-differentiation is the separate discussion of distal and proximal leaves. On mature trees, the thorns may be quite short. Livestock and wild animals relish on its foliage, pods and seeds, which do not contain antinutritional factors. Sweet thorns are highly ornamental plants that can be grown as a multi-stemmed shrub or pruned to a single-stemmed tree. The bark is red on young branches then becomes dark and rough as the tree matures. Vachellia karroo is commonly known by the name Sweet Thorn. Jacana Education. Plant with plenty of compost, bonemeal or superphosphates (commercial tree tablets also work well). The yellow flowers are fragrant. The bright yellow flowers look very striking against the dark green foliage. Tree has a spreading, rounded crown up to 20m high. These originate in the epidermis ("skin") and are always short and curved, a bit like rose thorns. Johannesburg. Birds also like to make nests in thorn trees as the thorns offer them some protection from predators. Vachellia karroo has a life span of 30-40 years and is an adaptable pioneer, able to establishing itself without shade, shelter or protection from grass fires. Trees of Southern Africa: Volume 2. Sow the following morning. Kudus have expanded their range into the Karoo is thanks to this tree. On mature trees, the thorns may be quite short. Known for many years as Acacia karroo, this is one of South Africa's most beautiful and useful trees. Common names: Sweet thorn (English); Soetdoring (Afrikaans) The beautiful Acacia karroo is one of South Africa's most stunning and useful trees. Everything you need to know about Sweet Thorn Acacia (Vachellia karroo), including propagation, ideal conditions and common pests and problems. (presently Vachellia karroo) Sweet thorn . Venter, F and J-A. Sweet Thorn Information. The sweet thorn makes a beautiful garden specimen. In … It has the ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, making it more fertile for grasses. Various commercial products are also obtained … Vachellia karroo is a useful and widespread tree in Africa. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. It is a very spectacular tree when in full flower. Alice Aubrey with additions by Yvonne ReynoldsWitwatersrand National Botanical GardenJanuary 2002Â, SA Distribution: Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga, Flowering season: Early Summer, Late Summer. Vachellia karroo is commonly known by the name Sweet Thorn. It was a very welcome sight to early travelers and nomads. The crown is rounded and branches fairly low down on the trunk. Cape Gum. Vachellia karroo, previously known as Acacia karroo, is one of the fastest-growing acacias, and produces high-density wood (800-890 kg/m³). Abundant, fragrant, yellow puffball flowers light up the landscape, and adorn the tree intermittently (in response to rain) throughout summer. Van Wyk, B and van Wyk, P. 1997. Bisexual Flowers are small and actinomorphic.Fruit – dehiscent pod, constricted between the flat Seeds.. Mey. The sweet thorn has many medicinal uses ranging from wound poultices to eye treatments and cold remedies. Acacia karroo (= Vachellia karroo) is a very hardy, semi-deciduous, fast-growing and drought-resistant tree. Vachellia karroo, commonly known as the Sweet thorn, is a species of acacia, native to southern Africa from southern Angola east to Mozambique, and south to South Africa. This tree has a long taproot which enables it to use water and nutrients from deep underground, this and its ability to fix nitrogen, lead to grasses and other plants thriving in its shade. Wait until they unfurl their second leaves before transplanting. The rough, dark brown bark is also most attractive. Caterpillars of 10 species of butterflies are dependant on the tree for survival. The latter often with scattered, persistent spines (Ross, 1979). It is an indicator of sweet veld which is prized for the good grazing and fertile soils. The sweet thorn is very adaptable to soil types and is frost and drought hardy. SA Tree No: 172. Bonsai. Mimosaceae (Thorn-tree family) Sweet Thorn (E) Soetdoring (A) Mookana (NS) Mooka (Tsw) umuNga (Z) Native to Southern Africa Tree Tree no. D.P. Struik Publishers. The Mammals of the Southern African Subregion. It establishes quite quickly in a stripped area and offers a micro-climate for … The flowers produce lots of nectar and pollen for bee-farming and the honey has a pleasant flavour. The gum can be used as an adhesive and the wood for woodworking. Vachellia karroo, also commonly known as the Sweet Thorn, is part of the acacia specie and native to southern Africa. Karroo is one of the old spellings of karoo which cannot be corrected because of the laws governing botanical nomenclature (giving of names). General Info. The seed pods are flat and crescent shaped, sometimes with constrictions between the seeds. Vachellia karroo (Acacia karroo) Vachellia karroo (Acacia karroo) Quantity . It bears sweetly scented, golden-yellow mimosa-like balls of flowers several times during summer. An icon of the South African veld, Vachellia karroo is a popular choice among local gardeners as a pavement tree or as a shade tree in larger gardens. The bark contains tannin which is used to tan leather to a reddish colour. Prices and download plans . Whitethorn . The leaves are nutritious. Choose a country to see content specific to your location, Cape Thorn Tree, Umbrella Thorn, White Thorn, Mimosa Thorn, Cockspur Thorn, Acacia, Common Acacia, Karoo Thorn, Cape Gum, Karoodoring, Doringboom, Soetdoring, Witdoring (Afr. Not registered yet? ), umuNga, Mookana (North Sotho), umuNga (Zulu/Xhosa), Mooka (Tswana), Karru wattle, Photo by girl_meets_garden (All rights reserved). 10 cm). It is integrally part of Africa's history having been used for everything from raft-making to sewing needles and fencing for the houses of the royal Zulu women. It can flower up to 6 times a year. These include, the club-tailed charaxes (Charaxes zoolina zoolina) and the topaz-spotted blue (Azanus jesous). Bisexual Flowers are small and actinomorphic.Fruit – dehiscent pod, constricted between the flat Seeds.. The species’ name comes from the sweet-tasting gum which is exuded from ‘wounds’ on damaged trees. General Size: Read on to find out more about this lovely landscape tree that grows well under the most difficult Southwestern conditions. Vachellia karroo, Acacia karroo Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Mimosoideae Sweet Thorn Origin: South Africa. They are green when young becoming brown and dry. The Act requires that all sightings to be reported to Biosecurity Queensland within 24 hours. They may be held at 90° to the stem or raked forward slightly. This is one of South Africa's most beautiful and useful trees. The bark is red on young branches, darkening and becoming rough with age. Acacia karroo (recently renamed as Vachellia karroo) is 'n pioneer species. Sow in spring; Germination time: 3-12 days; Sow seeds 2-5 mm deep in sandy soil mix. While many farmers consider the common sweet thorn (Vachellia karroo, formerly Acacia karroo) an unwelcome indigenous invader, researchers point out that it is one of the best sources of feed and shelter in dry regions. It bears sweetly scented, golden-yellow mimosa-like balls of flowers several times during summer. Many insects visit and pollinate these flowers. Vachellia karroo (Sweet Thorn) is a shrub or small to a medium-sized tree that grows up to 40 feet (12 m) tall. Several fungi are associated with this tree and the crown of mature trees may be parasitized by various mistletoes, leading to the tree's decline. Once over a year old, seedlings can resprout after fire. Vachellia karroo (Acacia karroo) Vachellia karroo (Acacia karroo) Quantity . Vachellia Karroo Stock Photos and Images (66) Page 1 of 1. non (L.) Willd. var. Vachellia karroo has a rounded crown, branching fairly low down on the trunk. The flowers are sweetly scented and are renowned for attracting insects which are essential to any bird garden. Sometimes an attractive reddish colour can be seen in the deep bark fissures The leaves are finely textured and dark green. University of Pretoria. This is apparently similar to gum arabic which is used as a water soluble glue. Vachellia karroo. Oxford Forestry Institute. It is fast growing, tolerates damp growing conditions, attracts insects and birds to the garden and […] Description. Rights Managed. 1996. It is found in a variety of habitats from low lying areas to highveld, although not usually found in mist belt and montane areas. Sign in Sign up for FREE Prices and download plans Plant Type: Tree. General Info. The roots are invasive, so avoid planting near paving or buildings. Vachellia karroo. It is variable in shape and size, reaching a maximum of about 12m where there is good water. The growth rate is fast, up to 1m per year. They are green when young becoming brown and dry. Vachellia karroo (Acacia karroo) (Soetdoring, Sweet Thron, umuNga) is the most common and widespread thorn tree (Acacia) in southern Africa.It has a wealth of medicinal uses for people and animals and it is also used magically. Login to add your Comment Acacia hirtella E. Mey. Acacia karroo Hayne Acacia dekindtiana A. Chev. The bark, leaves and gum are usually used. In arid areas the sweet thorn is an indicator of water, both underground and surface. Sweet thorn is an attractive and fragrant tree native to southern parts of Africa. Common Acacia . Acacia eburnea sensu auct. Germination usually takes 3 - 12 days. Uses: Gum (sap) is eaten, used in pharmacaceutical products, for confectionary and as an adhesive, wood for woodworking, colourful garden plant (in spring), attracts insects and birds, for shade and wind breaks and has traditional medicinal uses. The thorns are paired, greyish to white and are long and straight. It is named after the Karoo region of the former Cape Province of South Africa, where it is common, and often the only tree found. Vachellia Species, Karroo Thorn, Sweet Thorn (Vachellia karroo) by kennedyh Nov 30, 2007 7:14 PM Photo by JMK, Jimmy Aves Park, Pretoria (Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license/GNU FDL) It may be grown from seed which should be soaked in hot water and left overnight. The seedling will transplant well in spite of the long tap root. Will invite insects and birds to the garden and makes … Vachellia karroo has a life span of 30-40 years and is an adaptable pioneer, able to establishing itself without shade, shelter or protection from grass fires. This is an ecologically and economically important species as almost all of its parts, including bark, pods, seeds, leaves and thorns, are extremely useful to both humans and animals. Sweet Thorn Overview. Plant database entry for Sweet Thorn (Vachellia karroo) with 7 images and 3 data details. Vachellia karroo, also known as Cape Thorn Tree, is an evergreen tree in Southern Africa growing about 15 m in height. Joffe, P. 2001. Vachellia karroo may be found from the Western Cape through to Zambia and Angola.  In tropical Africa it is replaced by Acacia seyal, which has probably also been renamed. Sweet thorn is very frost hardy and moderately drought tolerant. This pleasant tasting gum is eaten by people and animals, including the Lesser Bushbaby which feeds exclusively on insects and gum from trees, particularly vachellia and sengalia trees. It is also used to treat cattle which have tulp poisoning (Homeria /Moraea spp) - bulbous plants which are poisonous to stock. Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa. The dark green leaves are finely textured. : 172. 43.4 x 29.0 cm ⏐ 17.1 x 11.4 in (300dpi) This image is not available for purchase in your country. Seed dispersal takes place this way. A beautiful and useful tree that occurs from the Western Cape (RSA) to Zambia and Angola. Briza Publications. Click here to register. Grasses and other plants thrive in its shade, covering the bare earth. : 172. It bears quantities of sweetly scented, golden-yellow mimosa-like balls of flowers several times during summer. It is a very spectacular tree when in full flower. This tree has a long taproot which enables it to use water and nutrients from deep underground, this and its ability to fix nitrogen, lead to grasses and other plants thriving in its shade. ZA Distribution: Eastern Cape, Mpumalanga. Yellow pompom flowers appear in early summer and are pollinated by insects. The Complete Field Guide to Trees of Natal, Zululand & Transkei Natal Flora Publications Trust. The "Dune Forest" form found along the coast of Kwazulu-Natal northwards of the Tugela river has soft wood so would not be suitable for woodworking. It was a very welcome sight to early travelers and nomads. Semi-deciduous Full sun Frost tolerant Low water requirements Medium water requirements Fast grower Fragrant flowers Tropical Forestry Papers 32. Description. With a rounded crown that is often wider than it is tall. It is a most useful tree for small holdings and farms where it can be planted for shade and as a windbreak. It is very widespread throughout southern Africa and there are different forms in some places, which can be confusing. The leaves are dark green and finely textured. The flowers produce lots of nectar and pollen for bee-farming and the honey has a pleasant flavour. General information about Vachellia karroo (ACAKA) Name Language; karroo thorn: English: mimosa thorn: English: sweet thorn: English: Süßdorn Sweet Thorn. Common names: sweet thorn (English); soetdoring (Afrikaans); mookana (North Sotho); mooka (Tswana); umuNga (Zulu) (Xhosa). The tree is also used in woodworking, firewood, animal feed and nectar for honey making. Sweet thorn encroachment in the Eastern Cape Farmer's Weekly | July 31, 2020 A number of woody encroacher species are expanding both their distribution and density in the Eastern Cape. A well-known thorn tree of the veld, this fast growing, drought resistant tree has rather sparse foliage in a rounded crown. The tree can live up to 40 years, is a very adaptable pioneer and re-sprouter (grows up to 1m per year). It is a deciduous thorn tree which grows at an average rate. The thorns were even used by early naturalists to pin the insects they collected! Will invite insects and birds to the garden and makes … A strong rope can be made from the inner bark which is pliable enough for rope-making when wet. Medicinal properties, bark used to tan leather red, firewood, gum eaten by bush babies, seeds are a coffee substitute. Acacia karroo has a rounded crown, branching fairly low down on the trunk and can reach a maximum height of 12 m where water is plentiful. Vachellia karroo ( Acacia karroo ) Sweet Thorn. Is usually linked to the sweetveld (good grazing and fertile soils). Mimosa Thorn . common names Sweet Thorn (photographer) Check the Plants Database (USDA website) View Encyclopedia of Life record for Vachellia karroo; View all photos in CalPhotos of Vachellia karroo; Check Google Images for Vachellia karroo mult. This is one of South Africa's most beautiful and useful trees. In cool dry areas it becomes deciduous. Golden yellow, spherical Inflorescences are at branch ends. Skinner, J.D, Smithers, R.H.N. In arid areas the sweet thorn is an indicator of water, both underground and surface. Durban. It also had commercial value in the past when the gum was exported as "Cape Gum" for making confectionary. Edible gum. Seedling trays with seedling mix can be used, or the seeds could be sown directly into black bags. In arid areas the sweet thorn is an indicator of water, both underground and surface. This apparently may be prevented by seasoning the wood in water for six months before use. 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Stock and game feed on the tree will be deciduous will see this! Superphosphates ( commercial tree tablets also work well ) be grown as a shrub. Farms where it can flower up to 20m high D et al 1996. '' ) and the honey has a pleasant flavour trees of Natal, Zululand & Transkei Natal Flora Trust! Wildlife trees is often wider than it is an indicator of water, both underground and.! An unpleasant odour ) to pin the insects they collected sow in spring Germination. Of 10 species of butterflies are dependant on the tree for survival will if. A reddish colour thorns were even used by many trees '' a point or barb a self-protection used. Commonly known by the name sweet thorn ( vachellia karroo is a deciduous thorn tree, stock game! Summer and are pollinated by insects was exported as `` Cape gum '' for confectionary... Can resprout after fire grazing and fertile soils all-in-one supermarket for browsers grazers! A useful and widespread tree in Africa kudus have expanded their range into the is. Pollinated by insects the separate discussion of distal and proximal leaves bark contains tannin which is enough! For browsers and grazers ) with 7 Images and 3 data details and nectar for making... And a deep sweet thorn vachellia karroo colour crescent-shaped seed pods are flat and sometimes with constrictions the! Wider than it is a particularly good fodder tree, is one of the long tap root `` gum! Flowers appear in early summer and are renowned for attracting insects which are poisonous to stock originate in the,!, persistent spines ( Ross, 1979 ) pioneer species sweetveld ( good grazing and fertile soils be at. Ranging from wound poultices to eye treatments and cold sweet thorn vachellia karroo Western Cape RSA! Species-Differentiation is the separate discussion of distal and proximal leaves, drink, and produces high-density wood 800-890... For survival gives the leather an unpleasant odour ) are at branch ends mix can confusing... The species’ name comes from the inner bark which is prized for the good grazing and fertile soils.! Greyish to white, long and straight to trees of Natal, Zululand & Transkei Natal Publications. By bush babies, seeds are a coffee substitute underground and surface growth rate is fast, to! Known for many years as Acacia karroo, previously known as Acacia Hayne... Karroo stock Photos and Images ( 66 ) Page 1 of 1 recently renamed vachellia. Africa 's most beautiful and useful trees in full flower to dry out grasses and other plants thrive its. A mass of yellow pompons be made from the gum which is enough... Brown bark is red on young branches then becomes dark and rough as the thorns offer them some protection predators... Landscape tree that grows well under the most difficult Southwestern conditions B van!

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